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Assessment of Influence and Inter-Relationships of Soil Properties in Tropical Grasslands of Central India CIGR Journal
goroshi, sheshakumar k.
The present experiment was carried out to assess influence and inter-relationships of soil properties in grasslands of three wildlife protected national parks in Central India. Aboveground biomass samples of grass and soil samples were collected during different seasons based on specified measurement protocol by the state forest department. Aboveground biomass of grass demonstrated a characteristic growth pattern throughout the year, increased and achieved maximum biomass during at the end of rainy season (September), while started decreasing and attained minimum biomass during pre-summer (March) season. Mean aboveground biomass in the study regions was varied from 2.03 (Bandhavgadh National Park) to 5.44 Mg ha-1 (Kanha National Park) with an average...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Grassland; Aboveground biomass; Soil moisture; Soil properties; Central India.
Ano: 2015 URL: http://www.cigrjournal.org/index.php/Ejounral/article/view/2535
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Auswertung von Daten des Integrierten Verwaltungs- und Kontrollsystems zur Abschätzung von Wirkungen der EU-Agrarreform auf Umwelt und Landschaft AgEcon
Osterburg, Bernhard; Nitsch, Heike; Laggner, Birgit; Roggendorf, Wolfgang.
Zusammenfassung: Der vorliegende Arbeitsbericht entstand im Rahmen des F+E-Vorhabens „Naturschutzfachliche Bewertung der GAP - Effizienzsteigerung durch Nutzung bestehender Datenbestände“, das durch das Bundesamt für Naturschutz (BfN) mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit gefördert wurde. Ziel dieses Projektes war die Untersuchung flächenbezogener Auswirkungen der im Jahr 2003 beschlossenen EU-Agrarreform in Hinblick auf naturschutzrelevante Fragestellungen. Grundlage für quantitative Analysen bildeten die Daten des Integrierten Verwaltungs- und Kontrollsystems (InVeKoS), Fachkarten zu...
Tipo: Report Palavras-chave: Agrarreform; InVeKoS-Daten; Flächennutzung; Grünland; Naturschutz; Agricultural reform; IACS-data; Land use; Grassland; Nature conservation; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy; Q24; Q28; Q57; Q58.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104011
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BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN FARMERS AND CONSUMERS: VALUE CREATION AND MEDIATION IN “PASTURE-RAISED BEEF” FOOD NETWORKS AgEcon
Bedoin, Florence; Kristensen, Troels; Noe, Egon.
The aim of this article is to explore how different quality dimensions (safety, aesthetics, ethics and rooted ness) are created in food networks; how these qualities are transferred until the consumers; and how this process is supported by the organisation of the food network. Our postulate is that combining the quality and organisation dimensions and exploring the link between them will provide an interesting perspective for improving the sharing of values in food networks. This framework is applied to five case studies of “pasture-raised beef” food networks in France, representing a diversity of organisations such as public label scheme, cooperate owned brand and direct sell from farmer to consumer. The results highlight the importance of the role of...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Grassland; Meat quality; Sustainability; Food labeling; Case study; Agricultural and Food Policy; Consumer/Household Economics; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety.
Ano: 2009 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/57475
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Crop Insurance, Disaster Payments and Land Use Change: The Effect of Sodsaver on Incentives for Grassland Conversion AgEcon
Claassen, Roger; Cooper, Joseph C.; Carriazo, Fernando.
Subsidized crop insurance may encourage conversion of native grassland to cropland. The Sodsaver provision of the 2008 farm bill could deny crop insurance on converted land in the Prairie Pothole states for 5 years. Supplemental Revenue Assistance payments, which are linked to crop insurance purchases, could also be withheld. Using representative farms, we estimate that Sodsaver would reduce expected crop revenue by up to 8% and expected net return by up to 20%, while increasing the standard deviation of revenue by as much as 6% of market revenue. Analysis based on elasticities from the literature suggests that Sodsaver would reduce grassland conversion by 9% or less.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Bootstrap; Crop insurance; Grassland; Joint densities; Sodsaver; Supplemental Revenue Assistance; Agricultural and Food Policy; Production Economics; Risk and Uncertainty; Q2.
Ano: 2011 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/104623
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Cytisus scoparius (Fam. Fabaceae) in southern Brazil - first step of an invasion process? Anais da ABC (AABC)
Cordero,Rodrigo León; Torchelsen,Fábio P.; Overbeck,Gerhard E.; Anand,Madhur.
The occurrence of Scotch broom Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link (Fabaceae), is reported for the first time in Brazil. The species has been registered in the species-rich Campos Sulinos grasslands, in the Campos de Cima da Serra, and in the Serra do Sudeste. Naturalizing populations were frequently formed in natural habitats near to human settlements, where prevailing land uses and disturbances facilitate dispersal and establishment. The plant is an invasive species that has globally caused significant damage to biodiversity and economic losses. In Brazil, the species has a strong potential for spreading into a wide range of ecosystems. The Atlantic Forest biome and part of the Pampa biome, together known as the Campos Sulinos, represent optimal areas for the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Alien species; Early detection; Ecology; Grassland; Scotch broom.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652016000100149
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Dynamics of Forage Production in Pasture-woodlands of the Swiss Jura Mountains under Projected Climate Change Scenarios Ecology and Society
Silvopastoral systems of the Swiss Jura Mountains serve as a traditional source of forage and timber in the subalpine vegetation belt, but their vulnerability to land use and climate change puts their future sustainability at stake. We coupled experimental and modeling approaches to assess the impact of climate change on the pasture-woodland landscape. We drew conclusions on the resistance potential of wooded pastures with different management intensities by sampling along a canopy cover gradient. This gradient spanned from unwooded pastures associated with intensive farming to densely wooded pastures associated with extensive farming. Transplanted mesocosms of these ecosystems placed at warmer and drier conditions provided experimental evidence that...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Aboveground biomass; Drought; Ecotone; Grassland; Pasture; Silvopastoral system; Subalpine; Transplantation; Woodland.
Ano: 2013
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Ecological Conservation, Cultural Preservation, and a Bridge between: the Journey of Shanshui Conservation Center in the Sanjiangyuan Region, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China Ecology and Society
Shen, Xiaoli; Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park; xlshen.pku@gmail.com; Tan, Jiaxin; Lund University Center for Sustainability Studies, Sweden; jiaxintam@hotmail.com.
The Sanjiangyuan region is located on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in western China and encompasses the headwaters of the Yangtze, Yellow and Mekong rivers. It is also home to 300,000 Tibetan pastoralists. The area is characterized by its significant ecological service, unique culture, and fragile ecosystems, and has undergone a rapid degradation over the past several decades. Traditional Tibetan culture offers alternative knowledge and perspectives that facilitate the environmental conservation throughout the region, but have yet to be recognized or adopted by the Chinese government. Beginning in 2007, the local environmental NGO, Shanshui Conservation Center, has initiated a journey to bridge Tibetan communities with the outside scientific community,...
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed article Palavras-chave: Conservation concession; Grassland; Traditional ecological knowledge; Traditional Tibetan practices; Western China.
Ano: 2012
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Effect of high temperature on germination of four legumes from a forest-grassland mosaic in Southern Brazil Biota Neotropica
Silveira,Fernanda Schmidt; Overbeck,Gerhard Ernst.
Passage of a fire can break dormancy of the seeds of many plant species in fire-prone ecosystems. This response to fire is especially well known for the Fabaceae family, but has been poorly studied in Southern Brazil. We collected seeds of four Fabaceae species present in grasslands-forest mosaics of Southern Brazil: Mimosa bimucronata, Desmodium barbatum, Sesbania virgata and Collaea stenophylla. Seeds were exposed to different heat treatments (exposure to 60° and 80 °C for 5 minutes, to 100 °C for 2 minutes, control without heat treatment); not all species were tested in all treatments. After the treatment, the seeds were kept in a germination chamber with a light period of 12/12 hours and temperature of 25 °C. Germinated seeds were counted every 2 days....
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/other Palavras-chave: Campos Sulinos; Ecophysiology; Fabaceae; Fire; Grassland; Heat shock.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032013000200331
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Effects of habitat and landscape characteristics on medium and large mammal species richness and composition in northern Uruguay Rev. Bras. Zool.
Andrade-Núñez,María José; Aide,T. Mitchell.
The increasing world population and demand for food and other products has accelerated the conversion of natural habitats into agricultural lands, plantations and urban areas. Changes in habitat and landscape characteristics due to land-use change can have a significant effect on species presence, abundance, and distribution. Multi-scale approaches have been used to determine the proper spatial scales at which species and communities are responding to habitat transformation. In this context, we evaluated medium and large mammal species richness and composition in gallery forest (n = 10), grassland (n = 10), and exotic tree plantation (n = 10) in a region where grasslands have been converted into exotic tree plantations. We quantified mammal species...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Conservation; Community; Gallery forest; Grassland; Plantations.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1984-46702010000600012
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Environmental impacts and nutrient recycling on pastures grazed by cattle R. Bras. Zootec.
Vendramini,J.M.B.; Silveira,M.L.A.; Dubeux Jr.,J.C.B.; Sollenberger,L.E..
Grasslands are being replaced by urbanization and more profitable agricultural activities around the world. Producers may be faced with land constraints and need to consider intensification of the remaining grasslands as a means of maintaining overall production on a decreasing land resource. However, intensification of the grazing system is usually associated with greater nutrient inputs, including those from commercial fertilizers and supplement fed to animals. Excessive loading of nutrients in intensive grazing systems via fertilizer and animal wastes can cause nutrient buildup in the soil and subsequent water quality problems. Surface runoff and leaching of nutrients are the two major process affecting water quality. Nitrogen and P represent major...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cattle; Forage; Grassland; Nutrient cycling; Water quality.
Ano: 2007 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-35982007001000015
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Evolution of seed dispersal in the Cerrado biome: ecological and phylogenetic considerations Acta Botanica
Kuhlmann,Marcelo; Ribeiro,José Felipe.
ABSTRACT The investigation of the phylogeny of a group of organisms has the potential to identify ecological and evolutionary processes that have been occurring within a community. Seed dispersal is a key process in the life cycle of vegetation and reflects different reproductive strategies of plants to a set of ecological and evolutionary factors. Knowing the dispersal syndromes and fruits types of a plant community may help elucidate plant-animal interactions and colonization strategies of plants. We investigated dispersal syndromes and fruit types in Cerrado formations as a parameter for understanding the evolution of angiosperm reproductive strategies in this mega-diverse tropical biome. To do this we identified and mapped the distribution of different...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Dispersal strategies; Forest; Fruit types; Grassland; Life forms; Phylogeny; Savanna.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000200271
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Feeding ecology of the maned wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) (Mammalia: Canidae), in the Ecological Station of Itirapina, São Paulo state, Brazil Biota Neotropica
Bueno,Adriana de Arruda; Belentani,Sonia Cristina da Silva; Motta-Junior,José Carlos.
The feeding ecology of the maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) was studied from 1998 to 2002 in the Ecological Station of Itirapina, São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil, including estimates of prey number and biomass consumption. A total of 325 faecal samples was collected in the area. The species is omnivorous, with a broad diet including 68 species or morphospecies of fruits and animals. Armadillos (Dasypodidae), wolf's fruit (Solanum lycocarpum) and small mammals (mostly Clyomys bishopi) were the bulk of the diet, comprising 72.8 % of the total estimated biomass consumed (185,323.4 g). In terms of frequency of occurrence, on the other hand, only small mammals and other miscella-neous fruits yielded 43.4 % of the total occurrences (N = 1,054). Animal...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Chrysocyon brachyurus; Maned wolf; Savannah; Grassland; Feeding ecology; Diet; Brazil.
Ano: 2002 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032002000200007
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Fruits and frugivores of the Brazilian Cerrado: ecological and phylogenetic considerations Acta Botanica
Kuhlmann,Marcelo; Ribeiro,José Felipe.
ABSTRACT Knowing the morphological and phylogenetic patterns of fruits of a plant community may elucidate plant-frugivore interactions, and analysis of dispersal syndromes is a practical approach to understanding these mutualisms. We investigated different zoochorous fruits and frugivorous animals among Cerrado formations (forest, savanna and grassland), mapped dispersal syndromes on a Cerrado angiosperm phylogeny and tested for phylogenetic signal. For a core region in Cerrado, we found that, among almost a thousand fruit species and 258 fruit-eating vertebrates, 60% of the fruits had an ornithochorous syndrome and that 70% of the frugivores were birds. Most fruit and frugivorous species (~80%) inhabit forest formations, but many of them also occurred in...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Cerrado biome; Diaspores; Dispersal syndromes; Forest; Fruit-eating animals; Grassland; Plant-frugivore interactions; Phylogenetic signal; Savanna.
Ano: 2016 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062016000300495
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Hábito alimentar do tatu-canastra (Xenarthra, Dasypodidae) em uma área de cerrado do Brasil Central Zoologia
Anacleto,Teresa Cristina S.; Marinho-Filho,Jader.
The diel of the giant armadillo - Priodontes maximus (Kerr,1792) - was studied in the field at Fazenda São Miguel, Unaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil, through 82 samples collected at foraging excavations and 25 fecal samples. In both types of sample the most common item was insects (Isoptera e Hymenoptera) and, in less quantity, plant fragments and orhers invertebrates (Aranae, Blattaria, Coleoptera, Diplopoda, Scorpiones). These data suggest the giant armadillo is a specialist on insects with an opportunistic foraging strategy.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Priodontes maximus; Giant armadillo; Food habits; Insectivore; Grassland; Brazil.
Ano: 2001 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81752001000300003
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History of the landscape of Obihiro city before modern development OAK
橋本, 靖; 佐藤, 雅俊; 赤坂, 卓美.
 自然環境や生物多様性保全の必要性への認識の高まりから,近年,人為的な緑地造成が行われる機会が増えている。その際,対象地本来の自然景観を参考にすることは,より目的に叶った緑地の造成につながりやすいと考えられる。そこで,帯広市周辺の本来の自然景観を推測するために,明治期の開拓以前の状況を,様々な文献を参考にして考察した。有名な江戸後期の十勝日誌等の記述からは,この地域に広い草原地帯があったことがうかがわれ,また,開拓期の様々な記録からも広い草原の存在が示された。また,黒ボク土の分布との関係からは,本地域での広い草原の存在と,野火の発生の歴史が想定された。このように,開拓前の帯広市周辺は,一面が原生的な森林に被われていたわけでなく,その平野部の広大な河川敷は,主に草原に被われていたものと推測された。そのため,帯広市の平野部において緑地の再生を考える際,森林環境だけではなく,湿性の草原や疎林のような環境も,再生するべき緑地景観の候補として,考えに入れる必要があると考えられる。
Palavras-chave: 帯広市; 開拓; 河川敷; 黒ボク土; 湿地; 森林; 草原; 十勝川; 氾濫原; 野火; Andosols; Floodplain; Grassland; Marsh; Obihiro city; Tokachi River; Wildfire.
Ano: 2017 URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4558
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Limpeza de campo na Serra do Sudeste, RS: efeito do corte e queima de plantas lenhosas, visando aumentar as áreas de pastoreio. Infoteca-e
GONÇALVES, J. O. N.; GIRARDI-DEIRO, A. M.; MOTA, A. F. da.
Sistema da produção da região; O problema e a pesquisa realizada; Resultados; Conclusões.
Tipo: Circular Técnica (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Rio Grande do Sul; Grassland; Clearing.; Campo; Limpeza; Pastejo.; Grazing..
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/227044
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Misguided policy may jeopardize a diverse South brazilian environmental protection area Biota Neotropica
Alves,Gustavo Henrique Zaia; Santos,Regiane da Silva; Figueiredo,Bruno R. S.; Manetta,Gislaine Iachstel; Message,Hugo José; Pazianoto,Laryssa H. R.; Guimarães,Gilson Burigo; Benedito,Evanilde; Couto,Edivando Vitor do.
Abstract: The Devonian Escarpment (DEEPA), located in the south of Brazil, represents an important area of environmental preservation composed by grasslands, gallery forests, as well as rock outcrops and archaeological sites. A law project (LP 527/2016), which suggests a reduction of the DEEPA area in approximately 70% of its original area (from 393,579 to 125,895 ha), is currently being processed in the Paraná State House of Representatives. Such reduction seems to be related to economic interests (mainly agriculture and mining) in the state of Paraná. If approved, LP 527/2016 will allow farmers to deliberately expand their activities, with the suppression of natural forest as main consequence. Additionally, loss of faunal diversity, contamination of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Environmental law; Grassland; Devonian Escarpment; Biodiversity loss; Geodiversity.
Ano: 2019 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1676-06032019000100401
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Nachweis von Acalyptris pyrenaica Lastuvka & Lastuvka 1993 in der Nordeifel - ein Neufund für Deutschland (Lep., Nepticulidae) Naturalis
Nieukerken, E.J. van; Biesenbaum, W..
Acalyptris pyrenaica Lastuvaka & Lastuvka,1 993 ist zum ersten Mal in Deutschland nachgewiesen worden. Vier männliche Tiere wurden durch den Zweitautor auf Kalkmagerrasen in der Nordeifel (Nordrhein-Westfalen) gekeschert, und zwar in vier verschiedenen Naturschutzgebieten der Sötenicher Kalkmulde. Die Art war bisher nur bekannt von der Typenlokalität in den Katalanischen Pyrenäen in Spanien. Da die Orginalbeschreibung in deutsch erfolgte, wird Acalyptris pyrenaica als Nachtrag zur Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica, Vol. 23, hier nochmals in englischer Sprache beschrieben. Die Bestimmung dieser Art ist einfach: es ist die einzige europäische Nepticulidae, die ganz bleigrau bis schwarz ist. Auch die Genitalarmatur ist charakteristisch. Da die Art immer auf...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Acalyptris pyrenaica; Grassland; Limestone habitat; GERMANY-; North Eifel; First record for Germany & grassland habitat; Lepidopterans; 42.75.
Ano: 1997 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/227744
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Ökologischer Landbau in Nordrhein-Westfalen: Empirische Analyse und Bestimmungsgründe der heterogenen räumlichen Verteilung AgEcon
Haas, Guido.
In North-Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), the most populated German state (18 million people), 2.6% of the agricultural area is farmed organically (as of 1.1.2002). Using data derived from the NRW statistical office, the statewide extension agencies and organic farmers’ organisations, the geographical distribution of the organic farms was investigated by correlating general conditions and the economic and natural environment. The organically farmed area varied widely - from 0.1 to 7.5% of total agricultural area - over the 34 administrative districts of NRW. The focus of this study is an analysis of the agricultural structure to understand the heterogeneous distribution of organic farms in NRW. In certain parts of NRW, highly specialised intensive farming creates a...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Organic agriculture; North-Rhine-Westphalia; Farm type; Livestock production; Crop production; Grassland; Income; Rent; Farm Management; Land Economics/Use; Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2005 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/97207
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Oxidizable carbon fractions in Red Latosol under different management systems Rev. Ciênc. Agron.
Guareschi,Roni Fernandes; Pereira,Marcos Gervasio; Perin,Adriano.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidizable fractions of organic C in a Red Latosol in an area of cerrado under a no-tillage system (NT) with different years of implantation, and to compare them to areas of native cerrado and pasture. The experimental design used was completely randomized with five replications. Treatments consisted of five areas: native cerrado (NC) "stricto sensu"; pasture (PA) planted with Brachiaria decumbens; NT with 3 (NT3); NT with 15 (NT15) and NT with 20 (NT20) years of implantation. There was an increase in the ground-surface mass of vegetable residue as a function of the time of implantation of the NT. An increase in C content and the carbon-management index (CMI) can be seen as a function of the time of implantation of...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: No-tillage; Grassland; Soil organic matter; Labile carbon.
Ano: 2013 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1806-66902013000200005
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